Jogo baralho geométrico: possibilidades e limitações para o ensino de geometria no 2º ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This paper discusses the use of the game Geometric Deck as a didactic resource to teach geometry, especially the association between graphical representations of geometric figures with graphical representations of objects of the physical world and the use of correct nomenclature. We seek support in research in the field of Mathematics Education, especially in those who defend Geometry as one of the best ways for children to understand the shapes and the space around them. Also in some that discuss the use of games in Mathematics classes, as a pedagogical resource that assists in teaching and learning, as well as in curricular guidelines in force in our country. From this, we propose as a research question: how the use of the game Geometric Deck in the early years of elementary school can contribute significantly to the students to make associations between objects of geometry and objects of the physical world using the correct nomenclatures? The main objective of this Course Conclusion Work was to analyze possibilities and limitations of the use of the game Geometric Deck for the teaching of geometry in the initial years of elementary school. It has as its starting point an action research, developed in two stages in a municipal school, in a class of second year of elementary school. We use as data collection instruments, a pre-test and the application of said game. In addition, videotaped observations were made in order to better understand students' performance in the activities proposed with the game. The pre-test, composed of four multiple-choice questions, made it possible to delineate the research direction, pointing out the knowledge that the students already had in relation to the subject and what were the main difficulties, especially those related to the use of correct linguistic terms for each flat or spatial geometric figure, and the association of geometric figures with physical objects. The intervention with the game aimed at minimizing such difficulties, so that they could evolve in the construction of their own knowledge. As well as to verify the possibilities and limitations that the game offered, serving as subsidies to propose reformulations of the same for new applications. In the experience of the game with a small group of students, we found difficulties regarding the association of geometric figures with physical objects and the use of the correct names of the geometric figures persisted. After the necessary steps to understand the rules, we tried to identify the procedures that the players were creating to achieve the goal of the game, it was verified that there was a progress in the development of the students' knowledge. It was also possible to identify limitations of the game, such as the lack of clarity of some rules. Among the possibilities for exploring the potential of this game, we suggest the reflection on the plays in each round. Finally, we conclude that frequent use, or at least more than once, of this game could provide a number of other learning situations for students, as well as strengthening others already built.