Análise de diferentes modos de pensar e falar sobre calor expressados por estudantes a partir do trabalho com vídeos e estudo de caso

Abstract

This study proposes a didactic sequence focusing on the use of videos. Our objective was to analyze different ways of thinking and ways of speaking expressed by students in chemistry classrooms, from different contexts, brought in videos about situations and phenomena involving the concepts of heat. We believe that the use of didactic strategies that count on the exhibition of videos can establish a new dynamics of contextualization in the classroom, structuring the teaching and facilitating the students' learning. The application of the didactic sequence happened with students of the second year of High School in a reference school in Olinda-PE, the sequence had four moments, in the first one the previous conceptions were raised and the profile of the students with the videos were traced, in the second and in the third moment the concept of heat was approached in an expositive dialogues class having two videos as resource. The videos that were used in the didactic sequence are of the YouTube channel of Minutephysics, being chosen those that talk about heat. At the end of the third moment a study case containing three situations was delivered so that the students could solve the case, in the fourth and last moment the students presented the solutions found by each group and a video was presented. To analyze the data, we used the theory of the conceptual profile proposed by Mortimer (1995) to understand the process of conceptualization about heat from dynamic articulations between different ways of thinking and speaking that find meaning in specific contexts. We will take into consideration the conceptual profile proposed by Amaral and Mortimer for the heat (2001). Based on the zones of the conceptual profile of heat, we analyzed the videos used in the sequence and found the rationalist zone, the realist and the empirical one, for the previous conceptions raised we had the emergence of the rationalist zone and the realistic zone. At the first moment of the sequence the students emerged the rationalist zone, in the second moment the rationalist zone is found in the solutions. In the third moment two zones arise, the rationalist and the realistic. The results show that the videos can promote the emergence of diverse contexts and the discussion of different ways of thinking and ways of talking about the concept of heat. We emphasize the importance of this and other resources being introduced in the initial training so that future teachers experience innovative experiences in chemistry teaching and can include them in their teaching practice.