Avaliação de dispositivos de exclusão com painel de malha quadrada em redes de arrasto para camarão, na frota de Sirinhaém - PE

Abstract

The capture of shrimp trawls has generated significant volumes of accompanying fauna and consequently environmental damage. Currently, one alternative that minimizes this impact is the use of exclusion devices. This work evaluated the efficiency of the square mesh device in different locations in the net. The trawls were carried out in Barra de Sirinhaém, Pernambuco. The experiments consisted of one-hour trawls and divided into two phases, comparing the fisherman's netfishing "RP" with a similar netfishing containing a square mesh panel in the body "MQC". The second phase compared the "RP" with the net containing a square mesh panel in the "MQS" bag. The "MQC" caught a larger volume of shrimp and fish, with no significant differences in weight for white shrimp (ρ = 0.808), red shrimp (ρ = 0.814), sea-bob shrimp (ρ = 0.675) and fish (ρ = 0.849) and "MQS" significantly decreased fish catch by weight (Ρ = 0.00942) and number (ρ = 0.000571) without affecting the production by weight of white shrimp (ρ = 0.159), red shrimp (ρ=0,981), sea-bob shrimp (ρ = 0.619). Regarding the most frequent length classes, "MQC" and "MQS" captured larger specimens of red shrimp and fish, compared to their "RP". The modifications in the nets allowed the escape of smaller individuals, and the use of the device in both places, did not affect significantly their shrimp production. The device with square meshes in the bag was the most efficient, presenting significant differences in fish exclusion, both in number and weight, thus being the most promising to be implemented.