Adubação nitrogenada como atenuador do estresse salino em algodão colorido: uma revisão de literatura.

Abstract

Cotton is a crop of great economic prominence on the world stage. The commercialization of its fiber in the textile industries, the use of its seeds as raw material in the production of animal feed and vegetable oil, highlights it as one of the most profitable annual crops in the agricultural environment. In Brazil, the Northeast region is one of the largest producers of this crop, with emphasis on the production of colored cotton, where its cultivation is of paramount importance mainly for family farming, and these are the main producers of this fiber. However, the semiarid region has high temperatures and low rainfall concentrated in three months of the year, as a result of which droughts end up occurring more frequently, thus limiting agricultural and livestock activities in the region. The use of irrigation systems helps to increase productivity, however, due to the low quality of water from a high content of salts present in it, there is a metabolic stress that ends up harming the growth and development of crops. In an attempt to alleviate the damage caused by saline water, producers and farmers opt for the use of crops that are more resistant to salinity and even for fertilization techniques, with nitrogen being one of the most used nutrients, as it is required by most agricultural crops. In this sense, the objective was to carry out a literature review to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen and saline water irrigation during the production of colored cotton in the Brazilian semiarid region. Data collection took place on websites of journals and scientific communities, with articles published in Portuguese, English andSpanish, in the areas of plant production and plant nutrition. The deleterious effects caused by the salinity of the irrigation water in the culture of colored cotton for the semiarid region were analyzed, and which nitrogen doses provide a better cotton production under these conditions. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to propagate research information, in the form of articles,on this subject.