O trabalho com a oralidade na escola: uma análise sobre as atividades propostas no livro didático dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

The present work aims to analyze how textbooks of the early years have proposed work with the axis of orality, seeking to reflect on the importance of work with this axis in the classroom since basic education. In this proposition, we analyze the textbooks “The Conquest” and “Apis More” intended for students of the 1st year of elementary school, both approved by the National Textbook Program (PNLD) 2022. As theoretical contribution, we supported studies on the studies I work with orality at school developed by Ávila, Nascimento and Gois (2012); Lima and Beserra (2012), about the textbook, in the ideas of Batista (2003); Albuquerque and Ferreira (2021); Albuquerque and Souza (2021), Ferreira and Viégas (2021) and about the work with oral textual genres, from the perspective of Leal; Brandão and Lima (2012), among other scholars. In a qualitative approach, we performed Bardin's content analysis (1977), to treat and analyze the seized data. Thus, we mapped the activities that approached oral textual genres in the analyzed books, and elaborated the categories of analysis from the objectives proposed by us in this research, among which figured: how the book presents oral textual genres and what activities are proposed from them. The results pointed out, among other aspects, that although there is a significant amount of oral genres texts, activities aimed at working with the oral axis in the analyzed textbooks do not contemplate the various dimensions of work with this axis, in the room of class, merely exploiting them as support and/or pretext to teach you how to read and write.