Descrição do método construtivo e das espécies mais utilizadas na construção naval tradicional no litoral sul pernambucano

Abstract

Traditional boats are directly linked to the history of Brazil and its riverside communities. The traditional shipbuilding industry is one of the most important commercial activities in the world. The wood has excellent physical and mechanical properties and because it is a renewable material stands out among the materials that can be used in shipbuilding, taking into account the scarcity of non-renewable mineral resources. Based on this premise, this study aims to identify the wood and describe the construction method and the identification of the wood used in the fabrication of structural parts of traditional fishing vessels in the southern coast of Pernambuco. For the development of the activity will be interviewed naval carpenters, focused on the techniques of construction of wood pieces, which make up the structural and aesthetic set of the vessels, and the identification of the most used species. The analysis will be conducted considering that, in the traditional form of vessel construction, maintenance is performed every six months, due to the intrinsic characteristics of the wood, changes in the composition of the structure of the piece such as presence of xylophagous agents (fungi, termites and drills), drying defects (cracking, crushing, presence of knots). The project seeks to qualify naval heritage, a threatened segment of Brazilian heritage due to the significant loss of traditional vessels, human knowledge associated with them, knowledge about raw materials extracted from forests and their production techniques, to the detriment of new technologies and materials for naval production and also the social and environmental degradation of the traditional riverside communities of the southern Pernambuco coast. Currently using only four species: Pequiá (Caryocar villosum), Louro vermelho (Nectandra rubra), Sucupira Preta (Bowdichia virgilioides), Jaqueira (Artocarpus heterophyllus).