Espaços pedagógicos na perspectiva da legislação e da ergonomia: discursos e práticas

Abstract

This work is a result of the Mandatory Supervised Internship (ESO) of the Bachelor's Degree in Domestic Economy, developed in the field of research, through the Institutional Program of Scientific Initiation / CNPq / UFRPE from July 2017 to July 2018. The The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physical spaces, furniture, equipment and pedagogical materials of the institutions of Early Childhood Education of the municipal network of the city of Recife / PE, based on the National Policy on Early Childhood Education (2004), Basic Infrastructure Parameters for Institution of (2006), the National Quality Parameters for Early Childhood Education (2006), the Quality Indicators for Early Childhood Education (2009), the Manual of technical guidelines - furniture and school equipment for Early Childhood Education (2017) and the Descriptive Manual for acquisition of children's furniture (2012), elaborated by MEC, based on the method of the Ergonô Analysis and its influence on the planning and constitution of pedagogical spaces. It is a quantile-based study, characterized as a case, whose method of analysis is based on the method of analysis of the built space, based on the ergonomic analysis of work - AET that aims to adapt the space to the user. For data collection, we used the structured interview, followed by a questionnaire with open and closed questions that were tabulated, categorized and analyzed using the Social Representations as a method of analysis. In order to observe and analyze the aspects related to physical spaces, furniture, equipment and pedagogical materials, from the perspective of the Ergonomic Analysis of work, a Child Education institution was selected, considering its specificity in relation to the aspects to be observed. The results show in relation to the mapping that the Education Network of the City of Recife has 79 institutions of Early Childhood Education distributed 6 Regions Administrative Policies, which serve 7,193 children, according to mapping, in the age group of 0 to 5 years. Regarding the profile of the workers of these institutions, the results show the predominance of females, with a higher concentration of the age group between 28 and 38 years and 38 to 48 years, making the population as adult and economically active. Schooling focuses on higher education in all its functions, with the exception of trainees. Wages, as a rule, are low, varying from less than 1 minimum wage for trainees and from 1 to 2 minimum wages for most of the rest of the interviewees, classified in the poverty line. The process of analyzing social representations about physical spaces, furniture and pedagogical materials allowed us to unveil the professionals' perceptions of how they should be thought and how these dimensions are perceived about the institutions of Early Childhood Education, offering important information to support the improvement of spaces, furniture, equipment and educational materials in an ergonomic perspective. The analysis of the dimensions investigated shows the inadequacy of these dimensions in relation to what determines the documents elaborated by the MEC and is fundamental to intervene in the perspective of improving the quality standard of the pedagogical spaces of the institutions of Early Childhood Education according to their conditions , defining their priorities and charting a way forward in the construction of a significant pedagogical and social work that promotes the integral development of children, considering their demands and needs.