Mercado de trabalho brasileiro: um olhar sobre a reforma trabalhista e tendências à precarização laboral

Abstract

The legislation responsible for the organization of the Brazilian labor relations system has been suffered, over the years, a series of modifications with the aim of adapting the standards to the needs in vogue in the market. The most recent of those is the law nº 13.467/2017, effective since November 11, 2017 It's responsible for changing about 10% of the existing standards in the consolidation of labourite laws (CLT). The effects of the new law aren't still well known by scholars in the area, once, besides the short interval of time for the actual measurement of the possible results, Brazil has been undergone successive crises in all spheres, mainly, in economics politics. Therefore, the following study looked for investigate indications of precariousness in work relations, confronting them with the possible results of the 2017 reform. Encouraged, for this reason, the discussion, of form to analyze the modifications suffered by CLT, seeking to understand the dimensions of these modifications, by means of journalistic and academic rescue, evidencing a new economic and social context of the work market, as well as the recent data for the new contracting modalities, intermittent and part-time, created by the current reform. For this purpose, a narrative review methodology is used, mainly with regard to the theoretical basis, accompanied by a descriptive analysis of a series of indicators on the labor market, based on indicators from three main sources, namely Employees and Unemployed - CAGED, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE and Institute of Applied Economic Research - IPEA. The analysis shows an increase in the proportion of unemployed per working time, an increase in underemployment rates and underutilization of the workforce, a decrease in first-time employment and an increase in informality between the periods of 2012.1 and 2018.3. For intermittent and part-time contracts, the scenario is low in hiring, low wages, an increase in the number of under-age employees, as well as little or no need for specialization in the number of vacancies generated. The results show that there are indications that the jobs generated after the mentioned reform did not contribute positively to the already precarious scenario in the country. However, it is necessary to recognize the possibility of worsening the current situation, in addition to the Labor Reform, given the uncertainties of the Brazilian market arising from the aforementioned crises. The results show that there are indications that the jobs created after the reform did not contribute positively to the precarious scenario that exists today in the country. However, is necessary to recognize the possibility of worsening the current situation, in addition to the labor reform, given the uncertainties of the Brazilian market arising from the aforementioned crises.