Análise da regeneração natural em áreas de restauração florestal na Zona da Mata Sul de Pernambuco

Abstract

In the evaluation of the restoration process, natural regeneration is a relevant indicator for evaluate the functioning of recovering ecosystems. This is because it represents the processes of species establishment and the sustainability of the tree community, which is responsible for triggering ecological processes. This study aimed to analyze natural regeneration in two riparian areas located in the South Wood Zone of Pernambuco, with the intention of inferring about the forest restoration process of these environments. The work was carried out in two areas undergoing restoration (Palma III and Palma IV), located in Sirinhaém/PE. Twenty plots (5 x 5 m) were installed in each study area, and floristic and phytosociological surveys were conducted to verify composition and structure. Regenerating individuals were considered those with a height equal to or greater than 1 m and with a circumference at breast height (CBH) less than 15 cm. After species identification, their origin, endemism, ecological groups, dispersal syndromes, and pollination syndromes were determined. The main results of the floristic analysis showed that the majority of species in the Palma III area (PIII) are early successional species, while pioneers occupy that space in the Palma IV area (PIV). In both areas, most species have zoochorous dispersal syndrome and melittophilous pollination syndrome, and they are native to the Atlantic Forest biome and not endemic. In the PIII area, the species Guarea guidonia was dominant, representing 70.80% of the total density of the study and occupying 85% of the plots with a total of 80 individuals. These factors resulted in low diversity and evenness indices in the area. Guarea guidonia was also the dominant species in the PIV area, but with a more balanced proportion of individuals, with 21 individuals representing a total density of 31.34%, present in 50% of the plots. PIV also