Avaliação de emissões de gases de efeito estufa no CEASA/PE

Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have always occurred naturally on Earth, but global concern about anthropogenic emissions began in 1979, with the holding of the first world climate conference. After that, several agreements were created with the aim of reducing emissions of these gases, such as Eco-92, the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris agreement, which established goals for reducing GHG emissions. Accounting for these gases is a way of quantifying emissions from activities carried out in a company or organization, therefore, the study aimed to map the activities carried out at CEASA/PE, seeking methods to quantify the emissions generated, such as through the calculation of the GHG Protocol, which condenses the emission factors calculated for each process according to the year in which the emissions will be recorded. For the calculations of emissions avoided in the composting process, the AMS-III.F tool was used, making a comparison with emissions arising from the waste landfilling process. With the calculations carried out, it was possible to observe that CEASA had a total of 13.481,24 tons of CO2-eq emitted in the year 2023, with the composting process at CEASA-PE avoiding the emission of 8,108 tCO2-eq, when compared to landfilling. of the same waste. Furthermore, it is observed that if all organic waste were composted by the center, the avoided emissions could reach up to 22,656.9 tCO2-eq, demonstrating the potential of composting to reduce GHG emissions. Furthermore, the study notes that composting is an important contributor to the reduction of GHG emissions, requiring the implementation of broader and more controlled composting processes. It is recommended that there be more studies related to the transport of waste to optimize the effectiveness in reducing composting projects.