Aquicultura multitrófica: crescimento das macroalgas Kappaphycus alvarezii e Hypnea musciformis no cultivo do camarão marinho Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

The obligatory supervised internship (ESO) aims to prepare students to work in the job market, allowing them to apply theoretical concepts acquired during under graduation course in practice. OSI also allows student to experience and learn about the difficulties faced in aquaculture production units. This report refers to the realization of the ESO at the Santa Helena farm, belonging to Camares-Camarões Marinhos Ltda, located in the coastal zone of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, more specifically in the city of Caiçara do Norte, during the period from October to December of 2021. During the internship, activities related to the cultivation and management of marine macroalgae were carried out, in an experimental manner, in order to measure macroalgae growth and carry out macroalgae management in the marine shrimp ponds. The project developed during the internship had as main objective to measure the growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii and Hypnea musciformis in three different cultivation structures (Tubular Net, Rope and Pillow) around the property's facilities in a 4 weeks period. The parameters of Total Biomass Gain in gram (GTB), Total Growth (CT) and Daily and Weekly Relative Growth Rate (TCR) were evaluated. During the internship period, it was also possible to assist and monitor the most diverse activities that take place in a marine shrimp farm, such as: application of bokashi, liming the nurseries, receiving post larvae, maintenance of the supply channel, population of the nursery, as well as other routine activities. The best results for the species K. alvarezii were: 2850g of GTB, 475% of CT, 6.25% of daily TCR and 43.73% of weekly TCR, grown in rope structure in the catchment pond. For the species H. musciformis, the results of 1600g of GTB, 266.67% of TC, 4.64% of daily TCR and 32.48% of weekly TCR cultivated in a pillow structure in the catchment pond. In this way, it was possible to confirm how important a sustainable management applied in a shrimp farm is, because with the bioremediation of algae, in addition to reducing the environmental impacts on agroecosystems, it was also possible to maintain a good productivity of shrimp in the nurseries. Due to the growth found of the macroalgae in question, it is also worth considering the possibility that, in the future, the cultivation of some of these algae species will have promising results in the Northeast region, thus enabling the emergence of an economically promising activity.