Ideias sobre estrelas, planetas e satélites em estudantes do 1º ano do ensino médio

Abstract

Elementary School Education is a right of all children and teenagers in Brazil. The Brazilian National Common Core Curriculum– BNCC is a normative document which determines a set of essential learnings for all stages. Education in Astronomy is present in two of them: Elementary School and High School. In this work, the objective was to analyze the contributions of the didactic sequence about stars, planets and satellites to students at the 1st year of high school, in the construction of scientific knowledge, in a Kellyan perspective. The methodology used adopted a qualitative approach, that contains a didactic sequence based on the Kellyan Experience Cycle (CEK), and which was developed by students from a Public School, in Pernambuco. The CEK is organized cyclically in five learning stages: Preview, Investment, Meeting, Confirmation or No Confirmation, and Constructive Revision. Various activities about the topic stars, planets and satellites were carried out in each of these stages, such as: preliminary questionnaire, drawings and interviews; individual list, brainstorm in teams and surveys, during the Investment; lives with astrophysicists, use of the celestial planisphere of Pernambuco, Station Rotation method in the class, slide show and Stellarium, at the Meeting; conduction of the game “Star Trail”, at the Confirmation or No confirmation; and brainstorm revision, at Constructive Revision. Based on the analysis of each stage, we found that the didactic sequence developed, based on the CEK, favored learning and was efficient in the Teaching of Science and Astronomy. An educational product was created in the form of a Didactic Guide, that seeks to contribute to the construction of scientific knowledge about stars, planets and satellites. It is expected that this material can be used by science teachers, and contribute to the process of continuing teacher education.