Aplicação de nanomateriais advindos de biomassa para tratamento de águas residuárias da indústria têxtil

Abstract

The inadequate disposal of industrial effluents has caused serious problems of environmental contamination worldwide. In the textile pole of Pernambuco some cases of river pollution were reported due to the process of dyeing and washing of fabrics. In this work, the feasibility of the use of nanostructured carbonaceous materials (CN) in the adsorption of textile dyes is studied. To obtain the carbonaceous material sugarcane leaves were used, these were washed, dried, crushed and submitted to hydrothermal synthesis. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and porosimetric analysis. The synthesized materials were presented as finely divided dark powders. In adsorption analyzes of the indigo carmine and red congo dyes the nanomaterials showed to be promising adsorbents. It was possible to observe a favorable behavior in relation to the adsorption of the dyes in liquid medium. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich- Peterson isotherm models were suitable for the studied materials. The kinetic adsorption analysis suggests a pseudo second order behavior. The adsorptive mechanism of the nanomaterials could be characterized as heterogeneous, with adsorbate / adsorbent interactions of a chemical nature, where adsorption in monolayers is carried out at low concentrations and in multilayers at high concentrations of dye.