Caracterização dos parâmetros físico-químicos no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha como indicador de qualidade de água

Abstract

The Fernando de Noronha Archipelago is located in the equatorial South Atlantic and its climate is defined by two well-defined seasons (dry season and rainy season) with hydronidamic variations according to its position to the east or west. A part facing the African coast to the east (“Mar de Fora”) and another part facing the Brazilian coast to the west (Mar de Dentro). The increase in tourist demand in Fernando de Noronha has caused impacts over the years, such as the treatment inadequate effluent and waste dumping at sea. Faced with the need to analyze the different water masses and improve the understanding of the effects of seasonality and effluents on the physicalchemical parameters of seawater this work aimed to analyze and describe the seasonal variation of some physicochemical parameter from seawater from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and verify that the parameters are in accordance with the Legislation. The samples were collected in places considering the predictors: Season of the year; “Mar de Dentro and Mar de Fora” (position facing West and east to the island respectively); Effluents and Circulation. It was found that all predictors were able to explain the response variables in a significant way, with the season of the year having the strongest effect on the data, followed by the presence of emissaries. The parameters proved to be inappropriate in the places with effluents when compared to the values stipulated in the Brazilian legislation. Based on what was seen in this study, we can identify the need to analyze more frequently Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, maintaining a monitoring of physicochemical and microbiological parameters in order to subsidize conservation actions of aquatic organisms and the well-being of the population that uses the beaches. It is also important to monitor the quality of the outfalls that reach the sea, maintaining a monitoring routine. As well as studying the interactions of parameters with marine life, considering that the island is surrounded by natural pools of great importance for the maintenance of marine life.