Análise da participação das mulheres nas Ciências Exatas: um incentivo necessário

Abstract

Historically the female presence in universities was marked by deficits and difficulties, women did not have access to education, and were only taught to take care of the home and family, the dream of being independent and contributing to society was distant. With much struggle, these first conquered spaces in primary and secondary education and only after long years that they entered higher education. The present study aimed to analyze the formation and participation of women in the context of the exact sciences, highlighting their difficulties and perspectives. It is a retrospective, descriptive and documentary study, carried out through a database of UFRPE (Federal Rural University of Pernambuco) and related studies done through a narrative review of the literature. The study showed the difficulties faced by women during their training and performance, especially with regard to the exact sciences, while also emphasizing the low female participation in these areas. As a result, it was found that the faculty of the analyzed institution is predominantly male, whereas the incoming student body is predominantly male in all the courses analyzed, as for the cut in the exact areas this difference is even greater, on the other hand, for all the analyzed courses, more women manage to complete the graduation. As expected, according to the latest DGP census, from a young age men marjoritly occupy leadership positions, while women remain the majority as non-leaders in research groups. For students who produce research, fortunately women are the majority at different levels of training.