Análise das compreensões de alunos após o desenvolvimento de uma intervenção didática com a temática biogás no ensino de compostos orgânicos

Abstract

Contextualization in science education, and more specifically in chemistry education, has been considered as a way to enable students to find meanings for the content addressed in the classroom. In this perspective, one of the possibilities of contextualization is based on the Freirean Thematic Approach (ATF). Given several possible themes for teaching chemistry from the ATF, we highlight the theme of Biofuels, more specifically Biogas, due to its numerous environmental and economic benefits. Therefore, in this research we aimed to analyze students' understandings after the development of a didactic intervention with the theme Biogas in the teaching of organic compounds. The qualitative research was carried out in a reference school in the high school of the public school system in the north of Recife. Twenty-eight students from the third grade of high school participated, but only thirteen students participated in the study data collection, and was conducted from the following steps: 1) elaboration of the didactic intervention; 2) application of the didactic intervention; and 3) data analysis. Based on the analyzes performed, we can say that the students' understanding: 1) were positive regarding the experimental activity Biogas Production and pointed out relevant aspects that constitute the process of a biodigester, such as the use of organic matter for biogas production. ; 2) related to organic compounds involved in biogas production, such as methane production and combustion with carbon dioxide production; 3) involved relationships between biogas and socioeconomic aspects, such as the cost-benefit of biogas production for sustainability and economic issues, especially for rural areas. However, from the understanding of the identified students, it can be said that the didactic intervention does not seem to have guaranteed students' understanding of other aspects related to organic compounds, such as nomenclature of organic compounds involved in the functioning of the biodigester for biogas. In this direction, aiming at a new research agenda, we propose that the didactic intervention elaborated, developed and analyzed in this research be rethought in order to subsidize the students in the understanding of other chemical contents related to the organic compounds involved in the biogas theme.