Caracterização de material lenhoso como fonte energética viável no Brasil: uma análise sistemática da produção científica brasileira

Abstract

The search for renewable energy sources has been growing rapidly over time. When wood is used for energy production, some characteristics must be taken into account, such as the growth or dendrological characteristics of the plant, as these significantly influence the production of individual dry matter or by area, in addition to its composition (chemical, elementary and immediate). The objective of this work was to use the scientific literature to understand the main characteristics associated with woody material, so that it can be considered a good source of energy. The methodology used for this work was the selection of studies carried out from a systematic review, where 174 articles were analyzed and synthesized. These studies were published from 2000 to mid-2021 in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The vast majority of studies were carried out in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, followed by São Paulo, Santa Catarina and Pará. The species used in the articles for analyzes and laboratory tests were tree species of the genus Eucalyptus sp. (44%), Pinus sp (8%) and other species (48%). There was a sharp increase in the production of articles in the North and Northeast regions during the last 6 (six) years. The units of analysis targeted by these studies were wood characteristics such as basic density, higher calorific value, volatile materials content and total lignin content. These variables were statistically analyzed in a non-parametric way. Therefore, woody materials with a basic density of 0.6 g.cm-3, higher calorific value of 19.7 MJ.kg-1, volatile materials content and lignin content of 27.79% and 28 % respectively. The importance of having scientific material for consultation regarding the use of forest biomass as energy material is due to the dissipation of information to the main interested parties in the use of forest biomass and woody material as an energy source.