Aspectos sociais da disseminação do suicídio no Nordeste brasileiro: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Suicide has been a source of intense worry in contemporary societies. In this sense, health authorities and institutions in Brazil have united efforts to understand and prevent suicide in the country, whose rates have increased over the past few years. The Northeast, traditionally mentioned in national surveys as a region whose suicide rates are low, has presented a high rate increase in the last decades, demanding greater attention from suicide studies about the region. However, it is possible to note that, in general, research on suicide in Brazil has been mainly concentrated in the areas of health, with very little contribution from the Social Sciences to understanding the subject. Classical sociology, on the other hand, is taken up by researchers from different areas for the theoretical foundation about suicide, since Émile Durkheim built an extensive analysis of the subject, in the beginnings of sociology in France. This research is part of this context, as a contribution to the retaking of the theme by Sociology in Brazil, with the objective of exploring sociocultural factors indicated in research from different areas of knowledge as contributions to the increase in suicide rates in northeastern Brazil, from 1993. The methodological procedures of the systematic literature review were used and the results were presented with a view to the construction of an overview of the knowledge produced on the subject. It was also prioritized the construction of a synthesis of the social and cultural aspects pointed out in these researches, understood as indications of paths that social researches can take from now on about the theme. It is considered that the results achieved demonstrate the recognition of researchers from other areas regarding the social dimension of suicide and its relationship with other social and cultural phenomena, as well as reinforcing the need for sociological studies on the subject.