Sátira: gênero literário como instrumento de ataque nos jornais pornográficos dos séculos XIX e XX

Abstract

The origin of this work comes from the studies that have been carried out in the research group coordinated by Professor Natanael Duarte de Azevedo who analyzes the circulation of literature in printed material from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. We assume that satire is a literary genre and has irony and sarcasm as its main and prevalent characteristic. Although it does not always aim to induce laughter, it is, therefore, a social criticism made of people and their customs in a comical way and is used to criticize mainly politicians, artists and people of social relevance. We also propose to analyze the construction of allegory and satire as founding elements of pornography in the pornographic newspaper O Riso (1911-1912), more punctually in the serial novel “As Aventuras do Rei Pausolo”, published weekly in the periodical between May of 1911 to May 1912. We tried to show how the editors of the newspaper O Riso structured a synchronous reality based on allegorical and satirical discourse, with pornography as a motto, with the objective of bringing criticism to the newborn Brazilian republic. Therefore, we will use as a theoretical and methodological framework in the development of this investigation Azevedo (2015) and El Far (2004) with regard to the course of pornographic literature, as well as Miskolci (2012) about the Brazilian social political context at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Allied to the presented concepts, we will discuss issues related to the non-systematic construction of the concept of satire from the perspective of Brummack (1971) and Schiller (1991). Still as a theoretical contribution, it is substantial, with regard to Cultural History, the postulates of Chartier (2002) for the realization of the present investigation. Therefore, we intend to place pornography as a category of analysis in its time and space of production, thus bringing to light literary historiography narratives silenced by moral censorship.