Determinação do status da saúde de mariscos (Anomalocardia brasiliana) em áreas afetadas pelo derramamento de óleo no Litoral de Pernambuco através de alterações histopatológicas de brânquias

Abstract

Anomalocardia brasiliana is a species of shellfish abundantly present on the Brazilian coast, constituting a traditional activity in artisanal fishing in Pernambuco. However, in 2019, there was an oil spill on the Brazilian coast, so far, there are no studies that assess the health condition of bivalve molluscs after this episode. The objective of this work was to evaluate the health status of A. brasiliana through the identification of histological changes in the gills of these animals collected in areas affected by the oil spill in the Pina Basin (northern coast) and in the Rio Formoso estuary (south coast), both from the state of Pernambuco. Twenty adult animals (10 for each coast) were collected and evaluated via histology to determine histological changes in the gills. In general, several histopathological findings were observed, such as: infiltration; presence of infection; architectural and structural alteration; necrosis and parasitoids, in animals, for both coasts of the state of Pernambuco. Based on the results, it can be affirmed that the adult individuals of A. brasiliana, for both coasts of Pernambuco, have histological alterations of gills that indicate some degree of compromise in the health of these animals and in an unhealthy environment.