Nematoda de praias arenosas: o que os pesquisadores estão estudando?

Abstract

This work is a systematic review of the literature with emphasis on the occurrence of Nematoda on sandy beaches around the world, seeking to relate its abundance with abiotic factors, verifying the most expressive families in the selected works. To obtain the data, the online databases Science direct, SCIELO and CAPES were used with the following keywords: Sandy beach+nematoda+meiofauna and nematoda+meiofauna, with no restriction on the year of publication of the articles. 161 articles were selected from a total of 1,747 and after the screening process, 77 articles were selected using the PRISMA method. The BioEstat program version 5.0 was used to create the graphics, and IRAMUTEQ was used to verify similar word classes in the abstracts of the articles, in order to find a pattern of how words occur in the proposed Nematoda theme on sandy beaches. We found 22 families belonging to the orders Desmodorida, Enoplida, Monhysterida,Chromadorida, Araeolaimida, Desmoscolecida, Triplonchida. Of the families found in the different orders, the most representative was Xyalidae, which had values of abundance in sediment environments classified as fine. The abiotic parameters that were most recorded in the articles in relation to water were salinity (n=32) and temperature (n=17), while in the sediment, granulometry obtained 59 occurrences and organic matter with 31, respectively. Thus, we consider that Nematoda are limited to dispersion and their distribution is directly influenced by environmental conditions, since the environmental variables that most explained the distribution and density patterns were granulometry, food and dissolved oxygen. We emphasize that even with the data recorded from such environmental variables, it is necessary to understand that the distribution and/or diversity of Nematoda may be linked to sets of factors. The results of the systematic review come to reverberate in different ways for researchers to select their sampling methods for future research on sandy beaches, at the time of the in situ collection of the Nematoda group.