Comportamento do concreto leve e estrutural submetido aos efeitos de elevadas temperaturas – uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Faced with the emergence of increasingly tall buildings and the need to reduce the loads generated for foundations, structural lightweight concrete presents itself as a possible potential use. This concrete, in view of the use of light aggregates in its composition, has a reduced specific mass, maintaining a compatible mechanical strength to be considered structural, in addition to providing a reduction in the final cost of the work. The need for studies analyzing the structures regarding the fire situation, in view of the high incidence of accidents of this nature, is relevant. Therefore, in addition to the development of new materials, the behavior of structures against fire needs to be evaluated together with these new materials so that the effects of high changes can be mitigated. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify, through a literature review, publications related to the behavior of structures made with structural lightweight concrete, under exposure to high definition, seeking to correlate materials used and their effects on the structure, simulating a fire situation, contributing for the development of future studies. Based on studies carried out between the years 2015-2021, it was verified that residues from ceramic blocks, pozzolanic materials, and fibers used in the manufacture of these concretes, and it was concluded that, in general, the use of each of these materials in traces, normal for concretes to resist longer to high temperatures and, at temperatures above 800 °C, did not collapse.