Revisão teórica do uso de próteses cerâmicas na região femoral

Abstract

The interaction of metallic biomaterials with the human body living tissue results in a metallic ions liberation by the organism. For a hip prosthesis, larger superficial contact is required, this liberation may even cause carcinogenic effects. It is intended to obtain a alternative material for the titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), currently used in prosthesis, a structural analysis through the finite element method was performed, for comparative purposes, using the Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) ceramic, considering a human being weighing 60kg on a walk. From a initial geometry, that shows well defined stress concentration points, was verified that the maximum stress present in the prosthesis considering both materials shows very close values, 90MPa to the ZTA and 80MPa to the Ti-6Al-4V. Intending to decrease the maximum stress in the implant a new geometry was made, causing the decrease to 47MPa, in both materials. In this case, can be considered that the ZTA ceramic as good choice for replacement of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, considering the chemical inertia and some mechanical properties of the ceramic.