Uso do sensoriamento remoto para o monitoramento hídrico da Barragem de Serrinha II no Semiárido Pernambucano

Abstract

The semiarid region is a place that suffers great water shortages, with evaporation rates high and irregular precipitation during the year. This causes a water deficit for the area. This shows a large number of reservoirs built for water storage during the dry season. With all this problematic that studies on the evaporative rates are of great importance for better management of the water resources. The objective of this work is to estimate the water loss using remote sensing between the years of 2012 and 2018 in the Serrinha II reservoir. The study area is located in the Pajeú River basin, with a capacity of 311.000.000 m3 . To obtain orbital data, it used the United States Geological Survey (USGS) platform. These data were geoprocessed in the GIS environment using Qgis 2.18 Las Palmas software. The meteorological information was acquired in the station of Floresta and being worked in Excel. Evaluating the orbital data compared to the evaporative method of Kohler and Parmale (1967), which was the model that stood out statistically. He verified that in the period of 2012 the season of soft drought the reservoir still has a very significant concentration due to the fact of the drought is in the beginning therefore a great concentration in the reservoir. In the year 2013 to 2017 there is a significant reduction from 1.520.100 to only 313.650 ha. In this way it observes that the prolonged drought period significantly decreases the quantity of the water body. Raising the weir area of Serrinha II for the year 2018, with approximately 684.450 ha. Generating a 29,58% increase in the useful volume of the reservoir in the period of 2012. Indices were very high for the region, since it is the semiarid, directly influencing the reduction of the water body. Thus the use of remote sensing is efficient to make a study over time, analyzing periods of rain and drought that have greatly influenced the reservoir.