Efeito de fontes de carbono no berçário de camarão Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) cultivado com tecnologia de biofloco no semiárido pernambucano

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp during the nursery phase in a biofloque system and zero water exchange using molasses, wheat, cassava and sugar sources. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Experimentation of Aquatic Organisms, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. The shrimp nursery was held during 45 days of cultivation. A total of 20 circular polyethylene tanks with an area of 0.05107 m2, supplied with 15 L were used, with no water renewal and constant aeration using radial compressor (120 W) and porous stones. It was adopted a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, by adding four carbon sources: molasses (ME), sugar (AC), manioc starch (FM), wheat flour (FT) and a treatment control (CT) without the application of carbon sources.The carbon sources were applied daily in the treatments (ME, AC, FE and TR) in a ratio carbon (C) and nitrogen (N): 15: 1. L. vannamei post-larvae with a mean weight of 0.2 g were populated with 8 animals per culture tanks at a density of 156.6 shrimp / m2. The shrimp were fed daily at a frequency of 3 times daily with a commercial feed containing 40% crude protein. During the period of the experiment, the physicochemical variables of the water were monitored: temperature (° C), dissolved oxygen (mg / L), electrical conductivity (mS / cm), salinity (g / L),potential oxy-reduction (mV), total dissolved solids (mg / L), and Hydrogenion potential.The use of carbon sources did not influence the mean values of the physico-chemical variables of water quality, being satisfactory to the good development of the prawn larvae. At the end of the cultivation, the zootechnical performance with respect to survival, final biomass and feed conversion factor presented significantly better values with the use of cassava and wheat flour as carbon sources.