A variação no uso das preposições A, EM e PARA com verbos do tipo IR e CHEGAR: um estudo de dados de fala do sertão pernambucano

Abstract

The present work has the main objective to investigate the use of prepositions in and out of IR-type movement verbs and to arrive in the language spoken in the pernambucan hinterland, in order to provide a descriptive-explanatory framework on the use and variation of these items in the analyzed communities, under the theoretical-methodological perspective of Theory of Linguistic Variation (LABOV, 1972) and the generalized theory of thematic roles. We analyze, therefore, contexts of variation between the prepositions a, in and for, in order to verify how the dynamics of the variation occurs and what factors could favor the use of one preposition to the detriment of another. For that, a corpus was analyzed with speech data from informants from the cities of Afogados da Ingazeira, Triunfo and Serra Talhada, all located in the hinterlands of Pernambuco. This paper presents a description of a panorama in which it becomes perceptible how variable the use of the prepositions in question is. For this, a total of 136 occurrences of the prepositions were selected in contexts where the linguistic variation between these prepositions is possible. The analysis of the data was made considering the following dependent linguistic variables: nature of the subject (+ animated) and [-animated]; verbal type: GO and GET; (Locative and Meta) and the semantic features of SP that were classified as [+permanent] and [-permanent] and [+defined] and [-defined]; was also considered the variable extralinguistic schooling (fundamental, middle and higher level). Considering these factors (dependent and independent), the GOLDVARB-X computer program was used to quantitatively analyze data that point to the fact that the preposition is more recurrent in speech contexts, as well as (+defined) andMeta [-defined] are determinants for the process of linguistic variation between the prepositions A, EM and PARA in the hinterlands of Pernambuco. The analysis was developed based on theoretical assumptions and methodological addressed by Labov (1972), Cançado (2003), Cançado (2016) Tarallo (1986), Farias (2005), Ribeiro (1996) and Ramos (1989).