Evolução da produção florestal madeireira no Nordeste brasileiro frente ao setor nacional de 2006 a 2016

Abstract

The approval of a fiscal incentives act for reforestation in 1966, which allowed forestry companies to reduce up to 50% of their taxes to invest in forest projects, made the Brazilian forestry sector to start developing and gaining prominence. With results superior to those presented by industries in general and the agriculture sector in the participation in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the forest sector can be considered as a very promising and important sector for the national economy. However, the specific contribution of the Northeast region is very small, even worse, the discussions about the issue and how to boost the sector in this region are scarce. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the evolution of the northeastern forest sector in the period between 2006 and 2016, in comparison with the national forest sector, with the intention of identifying weaknesses and opportunities and proposing alternatives for the development of this sector in the aforementioned region, with emphasis on the state of Pernambuco. For that, secondary data obtained from the online portal of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) were used. The results showed that in Brazil forest production is strongly influenced by the economy, inspections, bans on the exploitation of native forests and availability of labor, while in the northeast the influences are more associated with economic, legal and bureaucratic issues. Among the forest products studied, wood was the one that presented the highest contributions of Pernambuco to Northeast (11.47%), followed by charcoal (0.65%) and log wood (0.10%) in the last year evaluated. It was concluded that the main forms of incentive to the forest sector in Pernambuco and the Northeast should be related to legal issues in the formalization of the sector, fortification of existing market and incentives both fiscal and industrial development.