Atividade experimental em eletrólise para o ensino de química: abordagem para uma educação ambiental na escola

Abstract

This work aims to analyze if the use of experimental activity in electrolysis, contextualized by environmental issues, will bring to the students of high school a more comprehensive understanding on the subject in the classes of chemistry. For this, the following methodological procedure was adopted: 1) research with teachers from the State of Pernambuco about how they analyze the electrolysis experiment, as a didactic resource to be developed in the classroom; and 2) construction of didactic planning and application of a Didactic Sequence (SD) on the electrolysis theme. The present study was based on a descriptive and exploratory qualitative analysis, where the data obtained served as a personal parameter to answer the questioning of the objective mentioned above. All the data made with the teachers in this research, after being processed, were constructing the idea for a relevance of the topic related to environmental awareness, since this transversal theme should be present in the educational process of students at various school levels, as recommended by the National Policy on Brazilian Environmental Education and the National Curricular Parameters. In order to construct students' knowledge in a well-planned way, the application of SD was divided into two moments: theoretical lecture on some topics of electrochemistry, whose emphasis was mainly on learning the electrolysis subject; and next, an experimental class in the room about electrocoagulation, using easily accessible materials. The verification of the phenomenon occurred in the experiment had as fundamental characteristic the use of electrolysis for water treatment purposes, using iron electrode in a hypothetical sample of a solution containing dyeing paint for clothes.