Concepções e práticas de professores com jogos como recurso didático no ensino de matemática nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This research had the objective of analyzing the conceptions and practices of teachers of the initial years with the use of games in the teaching of Mathematics. In order to theoretically base this study, a literature review was carried out on didactic resources and on game use, which served as a parameter for the qualitative analysis of the data collected through questionnaires and class observations in the initial years of elementary school. All participants agreed that games help learning more significantly, mainly because of their playful appearance. Regarding the choice of games, the teachers take into account the age range of the students and the difficulties related to the content. Most of the interviewees are the ones who make the games without the participation of the students. Some games are kept in school, others are taken home by the teacher, ie students have access only when the teacher wishes to include them in their planning. They emphasize that the use of games requires patience and responsibility on the part of the teacher and that the difficulties are related to the students' agitation and to get the participation of all. The results showed that teachers use games, but not with the frequency reported in the questionnaire. In the observations it was possible to verify several positive aspects related to the use of games in the classroom, such as stimulating the students' autonomy and reflections on winning and losing. Predominated the use of games exploring addition and subtraction, always as reinforcement to the content worked, with the perspective of numerical calculation, never contextualized. That is, the proposed games were held for the purpose of doing accounts, training and even decorating.