Capital humano e desigualdades econômicas: Uma análise das relações de desigualdades educacionais e da qualidade institucional sobre a convergência de renda dos municípios brasileiros

Abstract

This paper sought to analyze the convergence of Brazilian municipalities in the period 2000 to 2010, conditioned by human capital and institutional quality factors. The main hypothesis of this research is that the intergenerational inequality of human capital is one of the main factors responsible for income inequality in Brazil. To investigate this hypothesis, two sets of equations are estimated: one with the convergence of municipal education at primary, secondary and higher levels; and the second with economic growth and income convergence conditioned to the growth of municipal education. Both equations are modeled depending on the institutional quality of the municipalities. Thus, given the endogenous nature of institutions on the level of economic development, all models are Two-Stage Least Squares (MQ2E) estimators. The results confirm that to the extent that educational growth has its inequalities reduced, income inequalities are attenuated