Adsorção do preto reativo 5 a partir das cinzas do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

Water is essential for humanity, but in the Brazilian Northeast there is a serious socio- environmental problem due to poor distribution and low water availability, aggravated by the

expansion of agribusiness and contamination of water sources. Industrial pollution is a major problem, especially in the textile sector, which uses toxic dyes that are difficult to remove, such as Reactive Black 5 (RB5), widely used in the textile industry, is a toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic dye. To mitigate the damage, nanotechnology, which manipulates materials on a nanometric scale, offers promising solutions. Adsorption is an efficient method for treating effluents, standing out for its ease and simplicity. Among adsorbents, such as zeolites, minerals with high adsorption capacity, are promising for removing contaminants. The study focuses on the synthesis of zeolites from sugarcane bagasse ash, supplied by the Olho D’Água plant (Camutanga-PE). The ash was prepared, dried and characterized, and the silica was extracted by thermal and chemical methods. The synthesized zeolites were tested for adsorption of the RB5 dye, demonstrating high efficiency in dye removal in adsorption tests with different masses and interaction times. The adsorption process proved to be effective and economical for the treatment of water contaminated by textile dyes, with positive results when using chemically treated ash. New tests indicated that, even with less ash, the decolorization efficiency was high. Adsorption, therefore, represents a viable and low-cost solution for the remediation of contaminated water.