Inclusão em perspectiva: análise das barreiras ao acesso à educação para pessoas com deficiência no Brasil

Abstract

The paper explores the barriers faced by people with disabilities (PwDs) in Brazil regarding access to education, the job market, and income, with a focus on the impact of ableism. Defined as a system of beliefs that views disability as an inferior condition, ableism directly affects the formulation and implementation of public policies, resulting in discriminatory practices that perpetuate social exclusion. The research highlights that, despite the existence of laws such as the Brazilian Inclusion Law (LBI), PwDs continue to face significant challenges in completing basic education. Recent data show that illiteracy and dropout rates among PwDs are significantly higher compared to the non-disabled population. Furthermore, while inclusive education policies have evolved numerically, they fail to provide adequate support within regular schools, often exposing students with disabilities to prejudiced environments without the necessary resources for their full development. The research criticizes public policies for their often immediate and ableist approach, which seeks short-term solutions rather than structural changes. It also addresses the social and economic implications of this exclusion, particularly the precariousness of the job market for PwDs, where many find themselves in informal and poorly paid jobs. Finally, the study suggests that overcoming these barriers requires both a cultural transformation that challenges ableism and the creation of truly inclusive public policies, capable of offering equal opportunities and ensuring the full exercise of the rights of all PwDs.