Perfil epidemiológico dos indivíduos com diagnóstico positivo para arboviroses (dengue, zika e chikungunya) no município de Custódia-PE

Abstract

Arboviruses are viral infections caused by arboviruses (arthropod-borne virus), which are transmitted to humans through the bite of the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, which are the vectors. In recent years, Brazil has suffered several epidemic scenarios caused by arboviruses such as Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika, these outbreaks are a result of the disorderly growth of cities with the lack of urban planning and the lack of basic sanitation that affects several regions of Brazil. . Thus, this study aimed to verify the epidemiological profile of individuals who tested positive for arboviruses (Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya) in the municipality of Custódia-PE. The research was based on data collection through the epidemiology sector of the Municipality of Custodia, through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), the Information System of Diseases and Notifications (SINAN) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), between the years 2015 and 2021. Regarding Dengue, 365 cases were confirmed, of which the majority are women and it was observed that the predominant age group is between 0- 19 years, with the largest Dengue infection rate occurred in the urban area. For Chikungunya, 125 cases were confirmed, where women were the most affected, the age group that had the most positive people was between 20-39 years and the rural area had a greater number of cases. Regarding Zika, only 5 cases were confirmed, and of these, the majority were men, the predominant age group is between 0-19 years and there was a higher rate of infection in the urban area. Despite the reliability of the data obtained through SINAN, there is a possibility that an erroneous diagnosis has occurred, which may have caused in many cases reported Dengue instead of Chikungunya or Zika, contributing to misunderstandings and ignorance of them, in addition to making action difficult. of public policies to combat these arboviruses.