Aplicação da energia solar diante às tecnologias sustentáveis e sua viabilidade econômica

Abstract

The sun is the most abundant and intense source of energy within Earth's reach. The need to generate energy followed the evolution of the human race and peaked when, in the Industrial Revolution, people began to burn fossil fuels to generate energy. Currently, a lot is invested in forms of renewable energy generation, that is, that harm the environment less, so with the advancement of technology it is possible to use the sun as a source of clean and inexhaustible electrical energy. Currently, based on ABSOLAR's infographics, the use of photovoltaic solar energy has been one of the main sources of clean energy that began to develop exponentially since 2012 in Brazil. For these reasons, the objective was to elaborate a historical context on the application of solar energy and its viability in terms of sustainable development, economic viability and technological innovations, through the hypothesis that photovoltaic solar energy can be used as the best alternative for generating electricity. electricity from renewable sources. The work is a literature review and is included in the category of qualitative research. Data from 30 articles and two relevant websites (ONS and EPE) were selected through the use of theoretical references already published in books, magazines, scientific articles and websites, which were published between 2010 and 2022. In view of this study, the following questions arise: Can the solar resource supply all of humanity's energy demand? Why does photovoltaic solar energy stand out and tend to grow so much if it still occupies the 4th position in 2022? Why in Brazil there is still no industrial park for the production of solar panels and inverters? Through these analyzes it can be concluded that photovoltaic solar energy is a clean source and that its generation process, in addition to not producing waste, does not release residual heat, so that it does not change the balance of the biosphere and does not cover any type of pollution, clearly contributing to the preservation of our environment, also contributing to sustainable and economic development, where its acquisition becomes more and more viable.