Performance de mudas de espécies ocorrentes na caatinga sob estratégias de manejo: subsídios para recuperação de áreas degradadas

Abstract

The intense degradation of the Caatinga associated with its susceptibility to climate change puts the Biome's biodiversity at risk and brings important reflections on the strategies used to mitigate these effects. Urgent measures need to be taken in order to understand the mechanisms that allow the establishment of different species in the environment and the use of techniques that are more conducive to actions to restore the environment. For the Caatinga, information of this nature is scarce. Based on this, this work sought to analyze the performance of different native species submitted to different management strategies with low implementation costs, which can be replicated in other similar areas. The present work proposed to apply nucleation techniques combined with different soil management strategies to recover a degraded portion of the caatinga. For this, an experiment was carried out at the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, from 11 March to 2 May of 2022. Four treatments related to soil management were adopted: T1 = control, T2 = soil and gel, T3 = soil and compost and T4 = gel and compound and five species: Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan, Cratylia mollis Mart. ex Benth., Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L. P. Queiroz, Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos e Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Poir., using the nucleation technique, arranged in a randomized block design with 3 replications. At 8-day intervals, monitoring was carried out to analyze the biometric parameters of the seedlings: plant height (ALT), number of leaves (NF), collar diameter (DC), canopy projection (directions: NorthSouth and East-West ) and survival. Our results showed that: 1) The use of organic compost 8 favored the number of leaves and the diameter of the collar of the species, but did not influence the height and projection of the crown. 2) The use of hydrogel only favored the foliar increment of Angico and Pau ferro species, but did not favor the development of biometric aspects for the other species. 3) The use of the nucleation technique proved to be efficient for the development of plants and increase in biodiversity in degraded areas.