Desenvolvimento econômico em discussão: o desenvolvimentismo e neodesenvolvimentismo no Brasil

Abstract

This study examines the evolution of developmentalism and neo-developmentalism approaches in Brazil. Developmentalism, established during the Vargas era, was a strategy focused on industrialization, import substitution, and state intervention, with an emphasis on large infrastructure projects and the creation of state-owned enterprises. Neo-developmentalism, implemented during the governments of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff, combined inclusive social policies, such as Bolsa Família, with the promotion of industrialization, innovation, and infrastructure, aiming to correct social inequalities and encourage sustainable economic growth. The analysis explores the similarities and differences between these two approaches, evaluating their impacts on economic growth, social inclusion, and macroeconomic challenges. The conclusion is that, while both strategies were essential for Brazil's development, they faced significant challenges, such as external resource dependency and fiscal crises.