Associação de bupivacaína, dexmedetomidina e dexametasona no bloqueio ecoguiado do quadrado lombar para colecistectomia em felino - Relato de caso

Abstract

The Mandatory Supervised Internship (ESO), a mandatory subject of the Bachelor's Degree in Veterinary Medicine at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), has a workload of 420 hours and can be characterized as a professional qualification activity for the student in the last period of the course, applying their acquired knowledge and qualifying them for professional practice. This report is divided into two chapters. The first chapter describes all the activities that were monitored during the ESO period by the student, between the period of April 1, 2024 to June 14, 2024, at the Caminho dos Bichos Veterinary Clinic, located in the Espinheiro neighborhood, Recife/PE. The second chapter will report the case of a domestic feline that underwent anesthesia and surgery called cholecystectomy, in which the ultrasound-guided locoregional blockade of the quadratus lumborum (QL) was performed, using the combination of bupivacaine (local anesthetic), dexmedetomidine (alpha 2 agonist) and dexamethasone (corticosteroid). Locoregional anesthesia has been widely used in veterinary medicine, as it allows the reduction of general anesthetics for a favorable intraoperative period, in addition to reducing the use of analgesics in the postoperative period and their side effects. In this reported case, according to the monitored parameters, no pain was observed, as assessed by the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional scale. Ultrasonography ensured that the technique was performed successfully, anatomically identifying the muscles. Thus, the blockade can be performed safely, being effective for celiotomy and cholecystectomy.