Ictiofauna do trecho do submédio do rio São Francisco: Características taxonômicas e ecológicas

Abstract

The São Francisco River basin is considered one of the most important in Brazil, reaching about 8% of the Brazilian territory. Its drainage area incorporates the Caatinga, Cerrado and Atlantic Forest ecosystems, which focuses on the reason for the great diversity and endemism of its ichthyofauna. Several studies done in the basin prove its richness, among these, the migratory fishes of South America work that records about 152 species of fish distributed in its stretches, while in the identification manual of Peixes de Três Maria, 132 species were recorded, being considered one of the most important works for the identification of fish from the basin. In relation to its division of physiographic regions, São Francisco has 4 stretches, of which, high, medium, sub-medium and low San Francisco. In order to know more about the ichthyofauna of the sub-middle stretch of the São Francisco River, the present work aimed to catalog some species belonging to this stretch, presenting their taxonomic and ecological characteristics. For the preparation of the catalogue, we used the images of the species available from the collection of the Fish Collection of the Ichthyology Laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, with the exception of some species. To describe the taxonomy, distribution, characteristics, analyze which species are native, endemic and introduced, a series of bibliographic references were used, among these, Britski, Reis, and Nelson, among others. The species presented in this catalogue belong to the order Clupeiformes of the family Engraulidae, order Characiformes of the families Parodontidae, Curimatidae, Prochilodontidae, Anostomidae, Characidae, Acestrorhynchidae, Erythinidae, order Siluriformes of the families Callichthyidae, Loricariidae, Pseudopimelodidae, Doradidae, Auchenipteridae, Pimelodidae, order Gimnotiformes of the family Sternopyg, Order Cyprinodontiformes of the Family Rivulidae, Poeciliidae, and the order Perciformes of the families Sciaenidae, Cichlidae. Through this catalog it was possible to characterize the species, showing the differences between themselves, distribution and their importance, for fishing, aquaculture and food chain, and catalogs are essences to express the diversity of ichthyofauna of a given region, becoming indispensable for the academic population.