Práticas agrícolas combinadas em ciclos sucessivos de milheto e de palma forrageira: filocrono, caracteristicas estruturais e suas relações com a produtividade

Abstract

The Brazilian semiarid region has low rainfall, causing an impact on the production of forages. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of different agricultural practices under the structural characteristics, phyllochron and productivity of forage cactus and millet in successive cycles. The experiment was carried out from June 2016 to June 2020, with a randomized block design and six treatments: exclusive cactus with and without mulch, exclusive millet with and without mulch and intercropped with and without mulch dead (PECC, PESC, MECC, MESC, PMCC and PMSC, respectively). forage cactus, clone Orelha de Elefante Mexicana were conducted; and nine cycles of millet, cultivate BRS1501 for the first three and the last six cycles to cultivate IPA Bulk117 1, irrigated by drip system three times a week (monday, wednesday and friday). To determine the structural characteristics, monthly biometrics were performed, while forage yield, the cultures were harvested. The phyllochron was determined by the inverse of the rate of emission of cladodes and leaves, which is obtained by the angular coefficient of the linear regression between the total number of cladodes (or leaves) and the accumulated days degrees. With the data on structural characteristics and performance, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. The adopted systems had almost no influence on the structural characteristics of the palm, and of the millet, although when intercropped there was a reduction of these measures in the palm and in the millet due to greater competition. The cactus phyllochron did not suffer much influence from the systems, whereas the millet phyllochron suffered a reduction when submitted to the consortium. The ACP showed that most of the biometric variables influenced the yield, phyllochron of millet and that the ACP in the palm showed that the adoption of mulch has a greater relationship with the productivity of the palm and already for the millet what influences is the biometric variables and not the system of production.