Os principais acontecimentos da química orgânica: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

The history of organic chemistry is a fascinating narrative that spans centuries, marked by crucial discoveries, theoretical advancements, and fundamental transfor-mations in the understanding of organic matter. For this work, a literature review was conducted through books, dissertations, theses, and articles to identify, present, and comprehend the key events in organic chemistry. It can be asserted that organic chemistry began in the 19th century with Wöhler's synthesis, who successfully pro-duced urea from inorganic substances. In the 19th century, understanding of com-pounds significantly expanded, thanks to the contributions of August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper. Kekulé's valence theory was particularly significant as it suggested that carbon atoms could form multiple bonds and create complex chains. In the 20th century, notable advancements occurred in the field of organic synthesis and molecular modeling. The discovery of organometallic compounds, in addition to catalysts, enabled chemists to make strides in synthesis, contributing to the devel-opment of new materials and medicines.