Respostas agronômicas do feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) sobre diferentes proporções: solo e esterco suíno em dois sistemas de cultivo

Abstract

Cowpea is a food crop grown in several Brazilian regions, rich in protein is one of the most important legumes and even in soils of low fertility, regions of high temperatures and conditions of water stress produces well. The area cultivated with cowpea in Brazil for the 2017/2018 harvest was approximately 1,440,000 ha, with the Northeast region having the largest planting area, 404,20 thousand ha. Given its great importance for the Northeast region and considering a crop that presents rapid expansion throughout Brazil, it is also considered as one more option for export culture. The creation of confined animals grows every year and this growth favors a considerable volume of waste that if thrown into the environment, can cause damage to this environment. In this sense, the present research proposed to evaluate in a 2x3x2 factorial scheme the behavior of two Creole varieties of cowpea, LA2017 and CB2017, originating from communities of rural producers in the municipality of Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde - PE, The authors present three proportions of pork soil and manure, in two culture conditions, with and without dead cover, in experimental design of casualized blocks, in the experimental area of the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UAST), in the Sertão do Pajeú micro-region. By means of the results observed, it was concluded that LA2017 presented superior behavior in the cultivation system with dead cover of 35% for the weight of pods per plant. While the CB2017 presented more significant performance in the cultivation system without dead cover. The proportion with 100% pig manure increased by up to 27% the weight of seeds when compared to the control, proportion 100% soil. Overall, the presence of manure increased the development of cowpea plants.