Efeito da dieta basal sobre o desempenho de cabras em lactação.

Abstract

Goat farming has increasing in Brazil, especially in the Northeast region, which is responsible for 32% of the country's total production. Due to the edaphoclimatic conditions of this region some studies are carried out trying to improve the performance of those animals. Therefore, the present study intented to evaluate the effect of different sources of fiber (corn silage, sorghum silage, pangolon hay or sugarcane bagasse) associated with cactus pear in diets for Saanen goats in lactation process on nutrient intake and digestibility, ingestive behavior, milk production and composition. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of the Pernambuco Agronomic Institute (IPA) in Sertânia (Pernambuco). Twelve multiparous and lactating goats were used in this experiment with an average weight of 48.9 kg, average initial production of 2.8 kg of milk/day and lactation period of 80 days. The goats were weighed, identified and distributed according to their productivity in three simultaneous Latin squares (4 x 4), containing four animals, four treatments and four experimental periods. The 4 experimental period LASTED 21 days each, with the initial 14 days for adaptation of the animals, and others for data and sample collection (food, leftovers, feces and milk). The diets were offered ad libitum as a complete mixture, three times a day, allowing 5 to 10% of the total dry matter supplied. The goats were manually milked twice a day. For the ingestive behavior, the activity that the goat is performing (feeding, rumination or idleness) were observed every 10 minutes for 24 hours. Statistical analyzes were performed using a PROC MIXED package from SAS (2014). Intake of dry matter (2.58kg/day) and organic matter (2.30kg/day), crude protein (0.385 kg/day), ether extract (0.170 kg/day), neutral detergent fiber (0.895 kg/day), non-fiber carbohydrates (0.858 kg/day) and metabolizable energy (5.66 Mcal/day) did not differ between fiber sources that made up the basal diet (P>0.05). Fiber sources did not influence the digestibility of dry matter and nutrients (P>0.05). The association of cactus pear with silages, hay and sugarcane bagasse did not alter milk production without correction, corrected for 3.5% of fat and corrected for energy (2.78; 2.53 and 2. 55 kg/day, respectively), in addition to the composition of the milk (P>0.05). The diets did not cause changes in any of the items evaluated in the ingestive behavior (P>0.05). It is recommended that any of the fiber sources be purchased along with cactus pear in the basal diet of lactating goats.