Sequência didática sobre reações inorgânicas de obtenção de oxigênio para o ensino de Química a partir da perspectiva Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade

Abstract

The present work aimed to develop a didactic sequence based on the Science, Technology and Society perspective, in order to verify its contributions and limitations in the learning process of students of the 1st grade of high school in a private school located in in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. The didactic sequence had as its core the scientific question entitled “The deaths caused by the lack of oxygen in Brazil as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic”. The chemical concept that we sought to address during the discussions was Inorganic Reactions, but specifically the reaction of obtaining oxygen. Regarding the approach to the data, the study approaches qualitative research. As data collection instruments, two questionnaires were used with open questions on the theme of the element oxygen, atmospheric air and the production of oxygen gas. For this, activities of the didactic sequence were used, such as lectures, videos, social media publications, newspaper articles with group discussion followed by the resolution of a guiding questionnaire, which contributes to a better understanding on the part of the students. As a form of final evaluation, a podcast was recorded with the participation of students. Initially, the results of the analysis of the diagnostic questionnaire indicate that the students did not have a chemical understanding of the subject, leaving the answers far from the knowledge expected for high school students, when compared with learning objectives that arise from the high school curriculum. In the responses to the podcast and the questionnaire after the discussion of the Socio-Scientific Question, we noticed a considerably satisfactory evolution, as the students were already critical when asked about political actions that could be taken to avoid the crisis situation. It can also be highlighted that at a given moment, when relating the Socio-Scientific Question, the students sought to make relationships with the content. Therefore, we consider that the didactic sequence elaborated from a socio-scientific theme with the introduction of guiding questions has the potential to contribute to the conceptual and contextualized approach to the study of inorganic reactions and so on. In other words, as expected, it is a possible strategic tool for chemistry classes in 1st grade high school classes.