O Governo João Goulart, as Reformas de Base e o Golpe de 1964

Abstract

The article presents the political and economic events that permeated the João Goulart government in the Presidency of Brazil (1961-1964), from its inauguration to its fall through a civil-military coup d'état. During his administration, he experienced strong institutional turmoil, threatened mainly by the Armed Forces, supported by the national high bourgeoisie and conservative sectors of the population. During his administration, the Basic Reforms, which constituted a package of reforms of a social-reformist nature, especially the agrarian one, disturbed economic interests. These reforms also constituted fiscal, electoral, educational, urban, banking and taxation of remittances of profits abroad. In that context, the right-wing sectors in Brazil started a campaign of institutional erosion of the Federal Executive and finally in 1964 they carried out a successful Civil-Military Coup d'état. Thus, a Dictatorship was established that would govern Brazil for the next 21 years, from a conservative, pro-latifundium, and anti-union perspective. The methodology used was economic and political analysis. It will consist of analyzes of documental sources and periodicals in order to identify the discursive operations, culminating in a bibliographic review. The qualitative method is used, interpreting the historical processes of the portrayed theme.