Emprego de antimicrobianos na pecuária bovina e suas implicações na saúde pública

Abstract

The use of antimicrobials (ATM) in ruminants is a tool responsible for a significant boost in animal production by reducing morbidity and mortality rates arising from health problems, thus providing an improvement in the health profile and production rates, and consequently greater quality and safety of animal foods. However, the high adaptability of the bacterial cell associated with the selective pressure imposed by the indiscriminate use of ATM's in animals and also in humans, has been promoting the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide, which is one of the most important problems that reaches and links Human and Veterinary Medicine, as both share the use of a range of common ATM's, combined with the fact that antimicrobial resistant bacteria (ARB's) and antimicrobial resistance related genes (ARG's) can be transferred between animals, the environment and human beings, making this phenomenon a unique global health problem. The need for constant monitoring of the use of ATM is highlighted, in order to contain the emergence and/or expansion of resistant bacterial strains, as well as the integration between professionals in the mobilization of society as a whole in order to preserve the unique health. In this context, the objective was to carry out this literature review on some aspects of the use of antimicrobials in cattle, as well as the emergence of resistant bacterial strains and their impacts on public health.