Alporquia de Trema micrantha (L.) Blume sob indutores de enraizamento

Abstract

In forestry projects, the acquisition of seedlings can be a major obstacle, vegetative propagation techniques can help in this context. Among the propagation techniques, air layering is indicated for species that are difficult to propagate vegetatively, such Trema micranta (L.) Blume. Synthetic auxins provide greater effectiveness in vegetative propagation techniques, but their high costs encourage the search for more economical alternatives. The aqueous extract of Cyperus rotundus has shown rooting-inducing effects similar to commercial rooting inducers. Because it is an invasive plant with wide occurrence, its use as a rooting inducer is shown to be an accessible and economical alternative. This present work sought to verify the viability of vegetative propagation through the air layering technique in Trema micrantha trees under effect of rooting inducers, including the aqueous extract of C. rotundus. For that, seven trees were selected in the Dois Irmãos (Recife-PE) and submitted to three treatments over 31 days: 1) Control, in the absence of inducers; 2) Commercial rooting inducer indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); 3) Aqueous extract of C. rotundus. Among treatments, there was a significant difference only in the development of root dry matter, where the aqueous extract was more efficient than the others, which did not significantly distinguish between them. The interaction between the two factors (Tree x Rooting Inducers) showed a significant difference in the production of root dry matter, with greater efficiency of the aqueous extract compared to other treatments in tree 4 and better performance of tree 4 than the other trees, when all under the effect of the aqueous extract. The Tree factor presented significant differences regarding the shoots close to the air layer and regarding the callus and root development, showing itself as the determining factor in radical development in the employed context. The callus and root dry matter values showed a high negative correlation, suggesting that callus precede and give place to roots in layered layers of T. micrantha. There was no influence of epicormics shoots close to the air layer on the effectiveness of the technique. There were indications that the technique required more time for its success and better performance.