Caracterização morfométrica e ocupação do solo como instrumentos de análise da bacia do Açude Cachoeira I

Abstract

In large urban centers, with high population density, requires a higher demand for water. Problems generated by the decrease in water quantity and quality, together with climate change, have made the physical and biotic characteristics of the basin more evident, aiming to improve the analysis of these water problems, improving the use for human supply. Thus, the study sought to determine the morphometry and changes in land use and occupation over the watershed. The use of Digital Elevation Models (DEM), processed in Quantum GIS software (QGIS) with the aid of TauDEM hydrological analysis complement provides the calculations of the morphometric parameters: Compactness Coefficient, Form Factor, Drainage Density Index, main river (km / km), Winding Index (%) and Concentration Time (h), plus ground cover obtained from MAPBIOMAS data. The data obtained show that the Cachoeira II reservoir presents no flood risks because it has an elongated shape, the predominance of the relief is wavy and lightly hilly, the main river presents low winding which causes a higher flow velocity. In addition, the natural vegetation has decreased in the basin, which may cause erosion and sediment transport, as well as a decrease in the waters of the reservoir to supply the city of Serra Talhada -PE.