Utilização de um caso de reabilitação de um bicho-preguiça na sensibilização ambiental de estudantes da Educação Básica

Abstract

Faced with the critical environmental scenario arising from anthropic actions, researchers, organizations and entities have developed preservation projects that promote awareness-raising actions and strategies to combat the main causes of this problem. In addition to the activities developed by these projects, the participation of education in the development of an environmental concept for children and adolescents is essential. Based on this, it is necessary to reflect on the role of the school in its relevance and challenges, with the complexity of these relationships mediated by Environmental Education from the educational dimensions, contained in guiding documents of Basic Education, such as the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC). The proposals for the insertion of different attractive teaching approaches have been developed in different systems, among them, the teaching method using Comics (Comic Books), mainly in relation to environmental issues. Therefore, the objective of this work is to use a case of the rehabilitation of a sloth for environmental awareness of students in basic education, based on the analysis of the BNCC and the original production of a comic book. The animal's observations were carried out in the Preguiça de Garganta Marrom (PPGM) Project, located in the Dois Irmãos State Park (PEDI), during a period of 12 months, and the collection of information from the students was obtained in an elementary school and a school. high school in Recife (PE). An objective and exploratory reading of the BNCC was carried out, based on thematic searches, where 11 keywords were selected that have a direct relationship with the content covered in the work and its relevance to the proposed theme in each skill for teaching in basic education. The selected keywords were mentioned 83 times in the document, however, only four of them were found in the skills of elementary and high school, maintaining a direct relationship with the exposed theme. The life story and recovery of the sloth specimen, as well as the skills contained in the BNCC that were directly related to the case in question, were considered for the production of the comic book. Six comics with author images referring to different moments of the animal's treatment and recovery process in the rehabilitation project over a period of one year composed the comic, in addition to narrative captions explaining each moment in the story. From the analysis of the BNCC, it was found that, perhaps, the document does not offer the necessary conditions to develop in basic education students a critical awareness of socio-environmental problems, based on the case study discussed. The comic book as a strategy for disseminating a real story of an animal undergoing rehabilitation made it possible to present the desired information to the target audience, involving students in a playful and pleasant way. In this sense, it was possible to verify the didactic potential of using comics as a complementary tool, in science and biology classes, to address environmental issues.