Da terra seca nasce vida áspera: o caso dos agricultores de Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde (PE) nas frentes de emergência nas décadas de 1980 e 1990

Abstract

In the northeastern Semiarid one of the major concerns for the Regional Economy are the long consecutive years of droughts and droughts. The phenomenon of droughts in the Northeast has resulted in a large mass of emigrants to other regions that have not been affected by long periods of drought and water scarcity, particularly in the North and Southeast regions, significantly increasing the number of called "drought flagellated". It is common objective to report how the Emergency Fronts occurred in the Brazilian Northeast and in particular in the municipality of Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde - PE, in the 1980s and 1990s. The specific objectives are: to analyze the ways of obtaining family income in the Period of the Emergency Fronts (EF), their importance of those for the local economy; report the main problems and difficulties encountered to enlist in (EF) from the point of view of workers from their oral memory; of the daily life of drought scourges by historiográfic review; point out which are the main government programs aimed at rural producers who contributed to killing hunger and thirst in prolonged drought periods. For this, bibliographic surveys of the characteristics of the northeastern Semiarid were carried out, its form of settlement, the edaphoclimatic characteristics by which the northeastern Semiarid has lived with the great periods of and droughts, droughts and irregular rains. In the reports, it was also noticed the difference between the work carried out by men and women in (EF), also analyzing the role of the farmer man and the farmer woman in the midst of prolonged drought conditions. In the statements the interviewees point out the difficulties for enlistment , since bureaucracy as to the amount of people who could be listed , errors in the listling data as well as the programs that succeeded . The reports point to rough life in the daily life of the Emergency Fronts, becoming notorious the need of the population for more government benefits aimed at (com)experiences with drought contributing to the permanence of man in the field.