Prospecção química e avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana do extrato etanólico das folhas de Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl.

Abstract

The discovery of antibiotics was a milestone for protection against serious diseases, but with the indiscriminate use of these drugs there were mutations in some microorganisms, which developed some resistance to some known drugs, due to this it was necessary to search for biomolecules from some organisms such as plants, that have important molecular diversity that can contribute to the resolution of this problem, becoming crucial for the development of new drugs. The objective of this work was to analyze some chemical constituents of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. (Baraúna), found in the Mata da Pimenteira State Park located in the municipality of Serra Talhada Pernambuco, verifying its antimicrobial potential. For this purpose, some methodologies were used in the literature to perform qualitative phytochemical tests, quantification of total polyphenols, high performance liquid chromatography and multipole agar test to verify and quantify the antimicrobial capacity of the crude ethanolic extract (EEB) of Baraúna, gallic acid , antibiotic (amoxicillin), and a mixture of antibiotic and EEB from barauna. The following phytochemical qualitative tests were identified: tannins, phenols, flavonols, flavonones, flavonoids, flavones, xanthones and alkaloids. 571 μg / mL of total polyphenols were obtained, the presence of gallic acid and possible identification of vanillin and caffeic acid were revealed in HPLC. Microbiological tests of BSE of barauna and amoxicillin in a mixture showed minimal inhibition concentration against all icroorganisms tested as: Klebsiella pneumoniae (1600 μg / mL), Bacillus subtillis (800 μg / mL), Samonella sp. and Escherichia coli (1600 μg / ml). It is possible to conclude the presence of gallic acid as a major component in addition to other classes of secondary metabolites. It was possible to prove that the best synergistic activity (extract + antibiotic) was for Bacillus subtillis.